the sustainable development goals (sdgs) offer a unique opportunity for policy-makers to build on the millennium development goals (mdgs) by adopting more sustainable approaches to addressing global development challenges. the delivery of health services is of particular concern. most african countries are unlikely to achieve the health mdgs, however, significant progress has been made particul...

A key dilemma in global health is how to allocate funds between disease-specific "vertical projects" on the one hand and "horizontal programmes" which aim to strengthen the entire health system on the other. While economic evaluation provides a way of approaching the prioritisation of vertical projects, it provides less guidance on how to prioritise between horizontal and vertical spending. We ...

Background National community health worker (CHW) programmes are increasingly regarded as an integral component of primary healthcare (PHC) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). At the interface of the formal health system and communities, CHW programmes evolve in context specific ways, with unique cadres and a variety of vertical and horizontal relationships. These programmes need...

The frameworks and methods used for analysis, monitoring and evaluation of communicable disease control vary greatly. Although a number of manuals exist instruments for a detailed analysis of wider health system context are lacking. This is surprising given that the success of vertical programmes is often determined by the constraints of health systems. The importance of the context and the hea...

We conducted an economic appraisal of two strategies for Aedes aegypti control: a vertical versus a community-based approach. Costs were calculated for the period 2000-2002 in three pilot areas of Santiago de Cuba where a community intervention was implemented and compared with three control areas with routine vertical programme activities. Reduction in A. aegypti foci was chosen as the measure...

OBJECTIVE To develop a methodology and an instrument that allow the simultaneous rapid and systematic examination of the broad public health context, the health care systems, and the features of disease-specific programmes. METHODS Drawing on methodologies used for rapid situational assessments of vertical programmes for tackling communicable disease, we analysed programmes for the control hu...

The sustainability of successful public health programmes remains a challenge in low and middle income settings. These programmes are often subjected to mobilization-demobilization cycle. Indeed, political and organizational factors are of major importance to ensure this sustainability. The cooperation between the World Bank and the Brazilian AIDS programme highlights the role of international ...

Contents Page 1. Challenges 5 2. UNIDO's response: approach and experience 7 Cluster development 8 Worldwide phenomenon 8 Participatory approach to vision-building 10 Pune food processing cluster (India): identification of a common strategy 10 Bagru cluster (India): building trust 11 Capability-building based on shared targets 12 Ludhiana cluster (India): stakeholders participation 13 Boaco and...

Schools of architecture play a major role in motivating and inspiring students to gain competencies in sustainability through pedagogical practices. However, at the operational level, the incorporation of sustainability within architectural programmes needs to be integrated into both the curricula and teaching methods. There are few studies on how architectural programmes’ curricula and pedagog...

Contents Page 1. Challenges 5 2. UNIDO's response: approach and experience 7 Cluster development 8 Worldwide phenomenon 8 Participatory approach to vision-building 10 Pune food processing cluster (India): identification of a common strategy 10 Bagru cluster (India): building trust 11 Capability-building based on shared targets 12 Ludhiana cluster (India): stakeholders participation 13 Boaco and...